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Bit / Byte Calculator

Convert between bits, bytes, KB, MB, GB, TB — SI and IEC units

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How to Use the Bit / Byte Calculator

  1. Enter a numeric value.
  2. Select the source unit.
  3. All conversions update instantly (bits, bytes, KB, MB, GB, TB, PB and their binary equivalents).

Supports both SI (decimal) and IEC (binary) units.

What is Bit & Byte Storage Calculator?

The Bit / Byte Storage Calculator converts digital data quantities across all binary (base-2, IEC) and decimal (base-10, SI) units. Easily convert between bits, bytes, kilobytes (KB), kibibytes (KiB), megabytes (MB), mebibytes (MiB), gigabytes (GB), and terabytes (TB), showing exact storage capacities and network download durations.

Common Uses

  • Calculating exact data transfer times across varying broadband bandwidth speeds
  • Understanding the difference between drive manufacturer decimal GB and OS binary GiB
  • Sizing server RAM, swap space, and database cache buffer allocations
  • Planning cloud storage bucket capacity, bandwidth egress budgets, and disk partitions

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the difference between KB (Kilobyte) and KiB (Kibibyte)?

A Kilobyte (KB) uses SI decimal standard: 1 KB = 1,000 bytes. A Kibibyte (KiB) uses IEC binary standard: 1 KiB = 1,024 bytes (2¹⁰). Hard drive manufacturers use decimal, while operating systems like Windows report binary.

Why does a 1TB hard drive show as only ~931GB in Windows?

A 1TB drive contains 1,000,000,000,000 bytes. Windows divides this by 1,024³ (1,073,741,824) to calculate binary GiB, reporting 931.32 GiB labeled misleadingly as 'GB'.

What is the difference between Mbps and MB/s in network speeds?

Mbps stands for megabits per second (used by ISPs), while MB/s stands for megabytes per second (used for file download speeds). Because there are 8 bits in a byte, a 100 Mbps internet connection downloads at a theoretical maximum of 12.5 MB/s.

Notes from this implementation

Widths and signedness

The calculator does bitwise AND, OR, XOR, and shifts on integers of a width you should state. JavaScript bitwise operators coerce to 32-bit signed integers. A NOT of zero in that world is -1, not an infinite string of ones, and a shift on a value above 32 bits will not match a calculator that is using 64-bit or big integers. If this page uses BigInt, the width is whatever the script masks to. Read the width label before you compare the result with a C program.

Shifts are not rotates. A left shift drops bits off the top. Use it for flag masks you can also write in hex, and check one known mask by hand: 1 << 3 is 8.